Microsoft PowerPoint - Presentation 6, Section 3 of Inventory Document

ISDR Asia Partnership

Review of Initiatives on

Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk Assessment

in Asia and Pacific

Framework for undertaking the review

•

Analysis of

need of the users

–

Kind of users

–

Kind of decisions the end users could take using the results of the risk assessment

–

Kind of information an end user need from a risk assessment in supporting decision

making

•

Reasons for usage

(limited/extensive) of existing initiatives

–

Regular update

–

Capacity to undertake and apply the results of risk assessment

–

Availability of tools and guidelines on applications of risk assessment results

–

Involvement of stakeholders in design

•

Gaps in scope

of current initiatives on risk assessment

–

Geographical scope

–

Type of hazards covered

–

Methodology

–

Availability of Data Source (hazards, exposure on population and economic asset,

vulnerability etc.)

From the inventory we could understand…..

1. Type of Initiatives
2. Types of Output
3. Range of Target Users
4. Possible usage
5. Types of hazards covered
6. Indicators for vulnerability
7. Methodology

1. Type of Initiatives

1. Initiatives on Risk Assessment
2. Initiatives on Vulnerability Assessment
3. Initiatives on Disaster Databases
4. Initiatives on assessing risk from climate change

Initiatives on Risk Assessment

–

Initiatives are mostly at the Global level

•

Disaster Risk Index, 2004

•

Natural Disaster Hotspot, 2005, 2006

•

Global Assessment Report, 2009

•

GRIP

–

Few initiatives at regional level (Asia Pacific

level)

•

Risk Assessment and Mitigation Measures for

Natural and Conflict-Related Hazards in Asia-

Pacific

•

Preliminary Natural Hazard Risk Assessment in the

Asia-Pacific

•

Natural Hazards and Vulnerability Atlases

–

Comprehensive risk assessment absent at sub-

regional level

•

Flood Risk Assessment of Lower Mekong Basin

•

Central Asian Regional Risk Assessment

(focuses

on the threats to water, energy and food security)

Specific focus

Initiatives on Vulnerability Assessment

•

Both at global level

–

Food Insecurity and

Vulnerability Information

and Mapping Systems

(FIVIMS) of FAO

–

Vulnerability Analysis

and Mapping (VAM) of

the WFP

Aims at

assessing the

vulnerability

from the angle

of food security

Initiatives on Disaster Databases

•

Emergency Events Database

(EM-DAT) of the CRED,

•

Database for Disaster

Information maintained by

the ADRC,

•

Online Southeast Asia

Disaster Inventory of the

ACDM

•

Desinventar coordinated by

the UNDP

Purpose is to

provide

information on

disaster events

Initiatives on assessing risk from climate change

•

Study undertaken by JICA-WB-

ADB on Adaptation to Climate

Change in Asian Coastal Cities

•

Tool developed by World Bank

GFDRR and ISDR on Climate

Resilient Cities

Provides tool on assessing

city’s human and built

environment

characteristics, potential

impact of climate change,

and natural or other

hazards.

Assesses the risk faced by

4 mega city of Asia from

impacts of climate

change ( increase in

flooding)

2. Types of Output

1. Study/Report
2. Online tool
3. Support systems to assist the countries/specific

locations/stakeholders in undertaking risk

assessments

Study/Report

1. Natural Disaster Hotspot: A global risk analysis,

Volume 1, 2005

2. Natural Disaster Hotspot Case Study, Volume II, 2006
3. Global Assessment Report on DRR, 2009 (Biennial

Report)

4. The Natural Disaster Profiles for Indian Ocean

Countries, 2005

5. Risk Assessment and Mitigation Measures for Natural

and Conflict-Related Hazards in Asia- Pacific, 2009

6. Preliminary Natural Hazard Risk Assessment in the

Asia-Pacific region, 2007

7. Central Asia Regional Risk Assessment: Responding

to Water, Energy and Food Insecurity, January 2009

8. Study on Adaptation to Climate Change in Asian

Coastal Cities,2007-2008

Undertaken at a

particular point

of time

Regional initiatives but outputs are

at National/Sub national/City level

Online tool

•

Global Risk Data Platform

–

Data presented here is the results of study

made for the 2009 Global Assessment Report

on DRR.

–

Allows the visualisation of data on natural

hazards, exposure (both human and

economical) and risk.

–

Static tool

•

Natural hazards and vulnerability atlases of

Asia and the Pacific

–

Used to generate risk maps based on hazards

(current, historical, hazard model outputs, risk

and vulnerability), observation and forecast

(metar observations, sea level stations, TRMM

Rainfall accumulation) and basemap layers

(demography, infrastructure, boundaries,

hydrology, imagery/elevation)

–

Real time

Support systems

•

Global Risk Identification Program

–

Generation of evidence-based risk information

and facilitates its applications to improve the

quality of policies, regulations and investments

at all levels

–

GRIP project activities fall into 5 Outcome

Areas

Capacity development
Loss data enhancement
Risk information improvement
Demonstration countries
Monitoring and evaluation

3. Range of Target Users

National-level policy

makers / national disaster

management

organisations/regional

and international

organizations and donors

Governments and

partners at sub-

national/local levels.

Specific users such as

planners involved in

contingency planning,

and relief operations and

international aid

organizations

Internal purposes of the

organization

Risk Model of the UNOCHA undertaken annually

since 2007 is intended to guide the work of staff

within the framework of OCHA’s annual

workplan

VAM of WFP which develops maps identifying

food insecurity and emerging vulnerability

provides a framework for continually assessing

the food security and vulnerability status of WFP

beneficiaries.

4. Possible usage

Global Assessment Report

–

Visualization of the major

concentrations of risk.

–

Identification of the

geographic distribution of

disaster risk across

countries, trends over

time and the major drivers

of these patterns and

trends.

–

Enables estimating

average patterns and

trends in disaster risk but

are not able to predict

extreme events, given the

data limitations and the

unpredictability of

individual hazard event.

Natural hazard and vulnerability atlas

What hazards/disasters are likely to occur in a given

region?

How often might they occur and how intense are they

likely to be?

Where the current hazard events are and what areas

have they impacted?

How severe is the current/approaching event?

How many people might be affected?

Are lives at risk right now? Will they be?

What is the potential impact on critical infrastructure in

the region?

Where should relief supplies and services be staged and

when should they be moved?

Is it appropriate to issue a warning or initiate an

evacuation now?

5. Types of hazards covered

6. Indicators for vulnerability

Wide range of indicators used

Typically

•

Population Distribution

•

Economic exposure

Specific initiatives include

•

Poverty

•

Displacement

•

Food security

•

Diseases

•

Transportation Infrastructures

Vulnerability due to quality of physical assets is not taken into

account due to unavailability of data

7. Methodology

Most of the initiatives cover

multi-hazard.

Typically number of fatalities

is the typical metric used to

classify disasters, however in

specific initiatives such as in

the Preliminary risk

assessment on Asia and

Pacific carried out by

Australian Geoscience

‘significantly impacted

population’ as the risk metric

Most of the initiative considers

Hazard and too some extent

Vulnerability, only the Global

Focus Model of OCHA looks

into capacity