
_____________________________________________________________________
This leaflet is produced by the Ministry of Agriculture & Livestock, Solomon Islands, with support
from IPPSI: Improved Plant Protection in Solomon Islands, a project financed by ACIAR, the
Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra. Authors: Helen Tsatsia, MAL &
Grahame Jackson, TerraCircle Inc. Image citations: Merle Shepard, Gerald R Carner, and PAC Ooi,
Insects and their Natural Enemies Associated with Vegetables and Soybean in Southeast Asia,
Bugwood.org (left); Gerald McCormack, Cook Islands Biodiversity Website:
http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/
(right)
Extension Fact Sheet 37:
Bean Pod Borer
Common name: Bean podborer
Scientific name: Maruca vitrata; it used to be known as M testulalis
Hosts: Many species of beans are hosts, including cowpeas, pigeon peas, and
yardlong beans.
Damage
The caterpillars do the damage. They bore into the pods and eat the seeds. There is
also damage to the buds, flowers and leaves - they may be eaten and bound together
by webs made by the caterpillars; this damage is not large in comparison to that of the
pods.
Biology and Life Cycle
Eggs are pale cream, translucent (that is, they allow light through), and laid singly on
the stems, young leaves, flowers and pods. They hatch and the caterpillars feed inside
the flowers for about a week; then they move to the pods. They are pale cream, with
two rows of markings on their backs (photo, left). They grow to 18 mm before they
exist the pods and pupate in the soil. The moths (photo, right) have brown front
wings, with white patches. The hind wings are mostly white with a brown border.

_____________________________________________________________________
This leaflet is produced by the Ministry of Agriculture & Livestock, Solomon Islands, with support
from IPPSI: Improved Plant Protection in Solomon Islands, a project financed by ACIAR, the
Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra. Authors: Helen Tsatsia, MAL &
Grahame Jackson, TerraCircle Inc. Image citations: Merle Shepard, Gerald R Carner, and PAC Ooi,
Insects and their Natural Enemies Associated with Vegetables and Soybean in Southeast Asia,
Bugwood.org (left); Gerald McCormack, Cook Islands Biodiversity Website:
http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/
(right)
Detection and Inspection
Look for damaged flowers, and leaves and pods tied together by webs made by the
caterpillars. Look for frass - chewed remains of the pods - around entry holes. Look
for caterpillars inside the damaged pods: they are pale with two rows of black
markings on their backs. The moth is brown with a white patch on the front wings.
Management
The Bean pod borer is difficult to control, especially on yardlong beans. Pesticides are
not recommended. They are:
• likely to kill natural enemies;
• not very effective as the caterpillars are hidden for most of the time inside the
pods; and
• expensive, and have to be used often.
There are lures for this insect, but they are used to monitor populations before
insecticides are used. Alternatively, look for early signs of webbing of the flowers by
the caterpillars.
Chemical control:
If insecticides are necessary, use weekly sprays of a synthetic pyrethroid (for
example, lambda cyhalothrin) to kill caterpillars as they move from the eggs to the
pods. If the number of plants is small, inspect daily and hand pick the eggs and young
caterpillars on the flowers.
Avoid the use of broad-spectrum insecticides to avoid killing natural enemies.